diff options
| author | The Android Open Source Project <initial-contribution@android.com> | 2008-12-17 18:05:43 -0800 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | The Android Open Source Project <initial-contribution@android.com> | 2008-12-17 18:05:43 -0800 |
| commit | f013e1afd1e68af5e3b868c26a653bbfb39538f8 (patch) | |
| tree | 7ad6c8fd9c7b55f4b4017171dec1cb760bbd26bf /core/java/android/os/AsyncTask.java | |
| parent | e70cfafe580c6f2994c4827cd8a534aabf3eb05c (diff) | |
Code drop from //branches/cupcake/...@124589
Diffstat (limited to 'core/java/android/os/AsyncTask.java')
| -rw-r--r-- | core/java/android/os/AsyncTask.java | 454 |
1 files changed, 454 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/core/java/android/os/AsyncTask.java b/core/java/android/os/AsyncTask.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..ee4e8974b5c7 --- /dev/null +++ b/core/java/android/os/AsyncTask.java @@ -0,0 +1,454 @@ +/* + * Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project + * + * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); + * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. + * You may obtain a copy of the License at + * + * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 + * + * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software + * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, + * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. + * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and + * limitations under the License. + */ + +package android.os; + +import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor; +import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; +import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue; +import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue; +import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory; +import java.util.concurrent.Callable; +import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask; +import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException; +import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException; +import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException; +import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; + +/** + * <p>AsyncTask enables proper and easy use of the UI thread. This class allows to + * perform background operations and publish results on the UI thread without + * having to manipulate threads and/or handlers.</p> + * + * <p>An asynchronous task is defined by a computation that runs on a background thread and + * whose result is published on the UI thread. An asynchronous task is defined by 3 generic + * types, called <code>Params</code>, <code>Progress</code> and <code>Result</code>, + * and 4 steps, called <code>begin</code>, <code>doInBackground</code>, + * <code>processProgress<code> and <code>end</code>.</p> + * + * <h2>Usage</h2> + * <p>AsyncTask must be subclassed to be used. The subclass will override at least + * one method ({@link #doInBackground}), and most often will override a + * second one ({@link #onPostExecute}.)</p> + * + * <p>Here is an example of subclassing:</p> + * <pre class="prettyprint"> + * private class DownloadFilesTask extends AsyncTask<URL, Integer, Long> { + * protected Long doInBackground(URL... urls) { + * int count = urls.length; + * long totalSize = 0; + * for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { + * totalSize += Downloader.downloadFile(urls[i]); + * publishProgress((int) ((i / (float) count) * 100)); + * } + * return totalSize; + * } + * + * protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progress) { + * setProgressPercent(progress[0]); + * } + * + * protected void onPostExecute(Long result) { + * showDialog("Downloaded " + result + " bytes"); + * } + * } + * </pre> + * + * <p>Once created, a task is executed very simply:</p> + * <pre class="prettyprint"> + * new DownloadFilesTask().execute(url1, url2, url3); + * </pre> + * + * <h2>AsyncTask's generic types</h2> + * <p>The three types used by an asynchronous task are the following:</p> + * <ol> + * <li><code>Params</code>, the type of the parameters sent to the task upon + * execution.</li> + * <li><code>Progress</code>, the type of the progress units published during + * the background computation.</li> + * <li><code>Result</code>, the type of the result of the background + * computation.</li> + * </ol> + * <p>Not all types are always used by am asynchronous task. To mark a type as unused, + * simply use the type {@link Void}:</p> + * <pre> + * private class MyTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void) { ... } + * </pre> + * + * <h2>The 4 steps</h2> + * <p>When an asynchronous task is executed, the task goes through 4 steps:</p> + * <ol> + * <li>{@link #onPreExecute()}, invoked on the UI thread immediately after the task + * is executed. This step is normally used to setup the task, for instance by + * showing a progress bar in the user interface.</li> + * <li>{@link #doInBackground}, invoked on the background thread + * immediately after {@link #onPreExecute()} finishes executing. This step is used + * to perform background computation that can take a long time. The parameters + * of the asynchronous task are passed to this step. The result of the computation must + * be returned by this step and will be passed back to the last step. This step + * can also use {@link #publishProgress} to publish one or more units + * of progress. These values are published on the UI thread, in the + * {@link #onProgressUpdate} step.</li> + * <li>{@link #onProgressUpdate}, invoked on the UI thread after a + * call to {@link #publishProgress}. The timing of the execution is + * undefined. This method is used to display any form of progress in the user + * interface while the background computation is still executing. For instance, + * it can be used to animate a progress bar or show logs in a text field.</li> + * <li>{@link #onPostExecute}, invoked on the UI thread after the background + * computation finishes. The result of the background computation is passed to + * this step as a parameter.</li> + * </ol> + * + * <h2>Threading rules</h2> + * <p>There are a few threading rules that must be followed for this class to + * work properly:</p> + * <ul> + * <li>The task instance must be created on the UI thread.</li> + * <li>{@link #execute} must be invoked on the UI thread.</li> + * <li>Do not call {@link #onPreExecute()}, {@link #onPostExecute}, + * {@link #doInBackground}, {@link #onProgressUpdate} manually.</li> + * <li>The task can be executed only once (an exception will be thrown if + * a second execution is attempted.)</li> + * </ul> + */ +public abstract class AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> { + private static final String LOG_TAG = "AsyncTask"; + + private static final int CORE_POOL_SIZE = 1; + private static final int MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE = 10; + private static final int KEEP_ALIVE = 10; + + private static final BlockingQueue<Runnable> sWorkQueue = + new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>(MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE); + + private static final ThreadFactory sThreadFactory = new ThreadFactory() { + private final AtomicInteger mCount = new AtomicInteger(1); + + public Thread newThread(Runnable r) { + return new Thread(r, "AsyncTask #" + mCount.getAndIncrement()); + } + }; + + private static final ThreadPoolExecutor sExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(CORE_POOL_SIZE, + MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE, KEEP_ALIVE, TimeUnit.SECONDS, sWorkQueue, sThreadFactory); + + private static final int MESSAGE_POST_RESULT = 0x1; + private static final int MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS = 0x2; + private static final int MESSAGE_POST_CANCEL = 0x3; + + private static final InternalHandler sHandler = new InternalHandler(); + + private final WorkerRunnable<Params, Result> mWorker; + private final FutureTask<Result> mFuture; + + private volatile Status mStatus = Status.PENDING; + + /** + * Indicates the current status of the task. Each status will be set only once + * during the lifetime of a task. + */ + public enum Status { + /** + * Indicates that the task has not been executed yet. + */ + PENDING, + /** + * Indicates that the task is running. + */ + RUNNING, + /** + * Indicates that {@link AsyncTask#onPostExecute} has finished. + */ + FINISHED, + } + + /** + * Creates a new asynchronous task. This constructor must be invoked on the UI thread. + */ + public AsyncTask() { + mWorker = new WorkerRunnable<Params, Result>() { + public Result call() throws Exception { + Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND); + return doInBackground(mParams); + } + }; + + mFuture = new FutureTask<Result>(mWorker) { + @Override + protected void done() { + Message message; + Result result = null; + + try { + result = get(); + } catch (InterruptedException e) { + android.util.Log.w(LOG_TAG, e); + } catch (ExecutionException e) { + throw new RuntimeException("An error occured while executing doInBackground()", + e.getCause()); + } catch (CancellationException e) { + message = sHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_CANCEL, + new AsyncTaskResult<Result>(AsyncTask.this, (Result[]) null)); + message.sendToTarget(); + return; + } catch (Throwable t) { + throw new RuntimeException("An error occured while executing " + + "doInBackground()", t); + } + + message = sHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT, + new AsyncTaskResult<Result>(AsyncTask.this, result)); + message.sendToTarget(); + } + }; + } + + /** + * Returns the current status of this task. + * + * @return The current status. + */ + public final Status getStatus() { + return mStatus; + } + + /** + * Override this method to perform a computation on a background thread. The + * specified parameters are the parameters passed to {@link #execute} + * by the caller of this task. + * + * This method can call {@link #publishProgress} to publish updates + * on the UI thread. + * + * @param params The parameters of the task. + * + * @return A result, defined by the subclass of this task. + * + * @see #onPreExecute() + * @see #onPostExecute + * @see #publishProgress + */ + protected abstract Result doInBackground(Params... params); + + /** + * Runs on the UI thread before {@link #doInBackground}. + * + * @see #onPostExecute + * @see #doInBackground + */ + protected void onPreExecute() { + } + + /** + * Runs on the UI thread after {@link #doInBackground}. The + * specified result is the value returned by {@link #doInBackground} + * or null if the task was cancelled or an exception occured. + * + * @param result The result of the operation computed by {@link #doInBackground}. + * + * @see #onPreExecute + * @see #doInBackground + */ + @SuppressWarnings({"UnusedDeclaration"}) + protected void onPostExecute(Result result) { + } + + /** + * Runs on the UI thread after {@link #publishProgress} is invoked. + * The specified values are the values passed to {@link #publishProgress}. + * + * @param values The values indicating progress. + * + * @see #publishProgress + * @see #doInBackground + */ + @SuppressWarnings({"UnusedDeclaration"}) + protected void onProgressUpdate(Progress... values) { + } + + /** + * Runs on the UI thread after {@link #cancel(boolean)} is invoked. + * + * @see #cancel(boolean) + * @see #isCancelled() + */ + protected void onCancelled() { + } + + /** + * Returns <tt>true</tt> if this task was cancelled before it completed + * normally. + * + * @return <tt>true</tt> if task was cancelled before it completed + * + * @see #cancel(boolean) + */ + public final boolean isCancelled() { + return mFuture.isCancelled(); + } + + /** + * Attempts to cancel execution of this task. This attempt will + * fail if the task has already completed, already been cancelled, + * or could not be cancelled for some other reason. If successful, + * and this task has not started when <tt>cancel</tt> is called, + * this task should never run. If the task has already started, + * then the <tt>mayInterruptIfRunning</tt> parameter determines + * whether the thread executing this task should be interrupted in + * an attempt to stop the task. + * + * @param mayInterruptIfRunning <tt>true</tt> if the thread executing this + * task should be interrupted; otherwise, in-progress tasks are allowed + * to complete. + * + * @return <tt>false</tt> if the task could not be cancelled, + * typically because it has already completed normally; + * <tt>true</tt> otherwise + * + * @see #isCancelled() + * @see #onCancelled() + */ + public final boolean cancel(boolean mayInterruptIfRunning) { + return mFuture.cancel(mayInterruptIfRunning); + } + + /** + * Waits if necessary for the computation to complete, and then + * retrieves its result. + * + * @return The computed result. + * + * @throws CancellationException If the computation was cancelled. + * @throws ExecutionException If the computation threw an exception. + * @throws InterruptedException If the current thread was interrupted + * while waiting. + */ + public final Result get() throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException { + return mFuture.get(); + } + + /** + * Waits if necessary for at most the given time for the computation + * to complete, and then retrieves its result. + * + * @param timeout Time to wait before cancelling the operation. + * @param unit The time unit for the timeout. + * + * @return The computed result. + * + * @throws CancellationException If the computation was cancelled. + * @throws ExecutionException If the computation threw an exception. + * @throws InterruptedException If the current thread was interrupted + * while waiting. + * @throws TimeoutException If the wait timed out. + */ + public final Result get(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException, + ExecutionException, TimeoutException { + return mFuture.get(timeout, unit); + } + + /** + * Executes the task with the specified parameters. The task returns + * itself (this) so that the caller can keep a reference to it. + * + * This method must be invoked on the UI thread. + * + * @param params The parameters of the task. + * + * @return This instance of AsyncTask. + * + * @throws IllegalStateException If {@link #getStatus()} returns either + * {@link AsyncTask.Status#RUNNING} or {@link AsyncTask.Status#FINISHED}. + */ + public final AsyncTask<Params, Progress, Result> execute(Params... params) { + if (mStatus != Status.PENDING) { + switch (mStatus) { + case RUNNING: + throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:" + + " the task is already running."); + case FINISHED: + throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot execute task:" + + " the task has already been executed " + + "(a task can be executed only once)"); + } + } + + mStatus = Status.RUNNING; + + onPreExecute(); + + mWorker.mParams = params; + sExecutor.execute(mFuture); + + return this; + } + + /** + * This method can be invoked from {@link #doInBackground} to + * publish updates on the UI thread while the background computation is + * still running. Each call to this method will trigger the execution of + * {@link #onProgressUpdate} on the UI thread. + * + * @param values The progress values to update the UI with. + * + * @see #onProgressUpdate + * @see #doInBackground + */ + protected final void publishProgress(Progress... values) { + sHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS, + new AsyncTaskResult<Progress>(this, values)).sendToTarget(); + } + + private void finish(Result result) { + onPostExecute(result); + mStatus = Status.FINISHED; + } + + private static class InternalHandler extends Handler { + @SuppressWarnings({"unchecked", "RawUseOfParameterizedType"}) + @Override + public void handleMessage(Message msg) { + AsyncTaskResult result = (AsyncTaskResult) msg.obj; + switch (msg.what) { + case MESSAGE_POST_RESULT: + // There is only one result + result.mTask.finish(result.mData[0]); + break; + case MESSAGE_POST_PROGRESS: + result.mTask.onProgressUpdate(result.mData); + break; + case MESSAGE_POST_CANCEL: + result.mTask.onCancelled(); + break; + } + } + } + + private static abstract class WorkerRunnable<Params, Result> implements Callable<Result> { + Params[] mParams; + } + + @SuppressWarnings({"RawUseOfParameterizedType"}) + private static class AsyncTaskResult<Data> { + final AsyncTask mTask; + final Data[] mData; + + AsyncTaskResult(AsyncTask task, Data... data) { + mTask = task; + mData = data; + } + } +} |
